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Indian Historical Review
The present article would try to examine the trajectories of an evolving knowledge system or how it travelled from the West and grafted itself on indigenous institutions reconstituting the one already in existence. Western knowledge arrived in India through the coercive agency of colonialism, the colonial administrators, particularly Macaulay, asserting that this knowledge was true and that the indigenous knowledge system, like the gods of the natives, was false. Knowledge was thus sought to be reconstituted rather than being a product of knowing subject from the outside. Thus, the article offers a preliminary analysis of how colonial authority was established over cultural spaces in India first by establishing indigenous centres of higher learning and then by subverting them by bringing the management under colonial authority based on the ideological undercurrent of the superiority of European civilisation and administrative needs. Hence, there were attempts to replace personalised Indian cultural authority by institutionalising and co-opting Indian forms of authority leading to immense changes in the social matrix of the Indian society and culture.
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India has a rich hand in Education which occupied an important role in Indian culture since Ancient times.The pre-British education system in India was based on the Hindu Pathshalas and Muslim Madarasas. During the eighteenth century, education lost its popular political patronage due to serious upheavals in the country that let the Hindu and the Muslim education to lapse into obscurity. In the same century, the East India Company acquired the political power through treachery in the Battle of Plassey in the 1757. The Company’s Court of Directors declined to shoulder the responsibility of education in the country and it was left to the private individuals as their own affairs
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British rule is said to have been responsible for the modernization witnessed in the Indian civilization. The impact of this process was quiet evident from the changes adopted by the Indians in their life style, thinking processes, attires, food and education. Besides the advancements made in the spheres of roads, transports, postal services etc, their rule acted as a significant period of transition from the indigenous style of education to western education. The foundations were laid by the East India Company and the Christian Missionaries to employ Indians for administrative tasks as well as to serve their political, economical and colonial interests. Originally the access to education was limited to the royal families, as the British were of the opinion that Indians could become aware of their rights and positions and protest against their Raj posing a threat to the British establishment in India. Lord Curzon’s efforts in the 20th century gave way to spread of higher education w.
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International Journal of Management
From the ancient period Indians have enjoyed the reputation of being a learned people. Some of the early Hindu and Buddhist centre of learning such as Taxila and Nalanda university were the very famous institution during that time. Education in the beginning was confined to the priestly class with teaching of traditional elements such as religion, logic etc. Then Islamic education introduced in India with the establishment of the Islamic empires and Mqtabas and Madrasas became the seats of learning. The advent of British in India opened a new era in the field of education and the vast changes and development of Indian education had mainly occurred during British era.They brought a new system of education to India which was different from earlier education system.During the British period, education was first ignored but later a series of measures continuing throughout the early half of the 20th century ultimately laid the foundation of education in modern India. They organized the Indian education system and introduced modern scientific learning in India. As a result India had been preceded to a new era under British. In this paper an attempt is made to analyse critically the development of education in India during British period.
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